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monotubs create there own environment.  no need to fan or use anything for RH, just let them do there thing.

a bulk substrate is a larger medium with more nutrients to grow on.  ie the mixture of poo and straw.  you pasteurize the straw and poo and get the moisture content up, and then add a few colonized jars of grain.  then you wait for the whole thing to colonize and then fruit.  adds an extra step in the process plus more time, but worth it.

If you want weight then research monotubs.  start doing grain (any grain)  and then spawn to a bulk substrate in a monotub.  bulk substrate will consist of straw, horse poo, cow poo, worm castings, coco-coir any combination of those.  there are other ingredients as well.   i like a roughly 70% straw 30% worm castings mix. 

yes, dry vermiculite is very airy. 

shouldent be a problaem haveing it pointed at the FC.  you could cut it back to 10/14 or 8/16.

That light will work fine.  I use a 23W compact florescent. 12 on/off is fine. mine is only on for 10.  you can go less or more light if you need.  they only need light to know which way is up. i don't know about the 24 hour thing, i think they grow more during the dark phase but that's just from observation.

sounds like bruising.  no way to be sure without pictures. 

Ive never had a problem with anything Ive ordered here

http://www.mycosupply.com/

who ripped you off?

Ive never tried it but this is supposed to be great.  I just don't see the need to do so much work on my substrate mix, when regular grain works so good.

http://www.shroomery.org/9036/Alien-Substrate-Formula

I'm surprised you got any shrooms with the RH so low.  you HAVE to get it up to 95% or higher (emphasis on higher) 

definitely a mutant.  mutants are usually genetic.  you can get odd mushrooms from lack of FAE or inadequate RH, but that doesn't look like what you have.  Just wait for the second flush, you will most likely get normal shrooms then.

it could have gotten contaminated.  just wait and see.  if it is very uneven and it dosent contaminate put a thin layer of casing on it after it pokes threw whats already there.

when the substrate is solid white it is done.  give them a week after full colonization, then fruit as is, or crumble and case, or just case whole.  its a good thing they havent shrunk alot when they shrink alot that means youve gotten it to warm.

expect to wait a week or longer.  my house fluctuates in the same temp range, and i have no problems.

sounds like too much water to me.  try 1/2c water to 1c rye.  adjust till its right on.

i dont clean mine off.   you could pick before they sporulate.

no alternatives unless you have a pressure cooker.  find plain brown rice, and grind it to a powder yourself.  (coffee grinder).  dishwasher not for sterilizing your jars.  for cleaning them ok as long as they are clean.  follow this  http://www.fungifun.org/English/Pftek

you dont want to drench it.  but you want a good amount of water.  try to get the point before it pools on the top of the casing.  you dont want standing water on the bottom of the casing or pools on top, thats to much.  i dont recover my casings. and yes back in the FC the whole time.

after the first flush you would patch the wholes in the casing from where you picked, then give it a great misting, and then let it be in your fc.  you cant reuse a casing the mycelium becomes part of it.

they quit producing psilocybin once the veil breaks, so after that your only adding weight.  pick all at once, then if doing cakes dunk and roll again then back in FC.  or if doing casings patch and mist then back in the FC.